In May 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the first transmission of the Zika virus in Brazil. However, evidence of the virus has now been identified in at least 14 countries in the Americas, including the United States. The virus is mosquito-borne and of particular risk to the unborn fetus. Although additional studies are planned to learn more about these risks, the WHO recommends that pregnant women traveling to areas known to have evidence of the virus talk with their doctors first and carefully follow steps to avoid mosquito bites during their trip.

The mosquito species that is spreading the virus does not circulate in this region even though cases are already showing up in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. If the virus appears locally once mosquito season begins in April, public health officials may build upon mosquito-eradication programs that target the species that transmits West Nile virus.

The current main concern is among travelers to the affected areas. They should avoid mosquitoes, wear long sleeves and long pants, and use mosquito repellent containing DEET. For pregnant women who have traveled to any of the affected countries, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that testing for the virus should be offered to these women between 2 – 12 weeks after returning to the United States. This recommendation should be made whether or not the woman appears to have symptoms of the virus.

Keep in mind the following about the Zika virus:

• Zika virus infection symptoms include fever, maculopapular rash, arthralgia, or conjunctivitis.
• Testing for the Zika virus is performed at the CDC Arbovirus Diagnostic Laboratory and only a few state health departments.
• Mosquito bites are the primary way the virus is transmitted; however, sexual transmission of the virus is possible.
• No specific antiviral treatment is available for the virus.